Sinusitis
Symptoms
Pain and pressure in the face along with a stuffy or runny nose are the main symptoms of sinusitis. You also may have a yellow or greenish discharge from your nose. Leaning forward or moving your head often increases facial pain and pressure. The location of pain and tenderness may depend on which sinus is affected.
- Pain over the cheeks and upper teeth is often caused by maxillary sinus inflammation.
- Pain in the forehead, above the eyebrow, may be caused by frontal sinus inflammation.
- Pain behind the eyes, on top of the head, or in both temples may be caused by sphenoid sinus inflammation.
- Pain around or behind the eyes is caused by ethmoid sinus inflammation.
- See an illustration of the location of normal facial sinuses
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Other common symptoms of sinusitis include:
- Headache.
- Yellow or greenish discharge from the nose or down the back of the throat.
- Bad breath.
- Stuffy nose.
- Cough that produces mucus.
- Fever.
- Tooth pain.
- Reduced sense of taste or smell.
Acute (sudden) sinusitis is usually caused by a viral infection and often develops rapidly. It usually lasts for 4 weeks or less, and the symptoms often begin to clear up within a week without any treatment. Acute sinusitis caused by a bacterial infection is less likely to clear up on its own and may lead to chronic sinusitis or to complications in which the infection spreads beyond the sinuses. Nasal discharge that contains pus and worsens after 5 days or persists for more than 10 days is usually a strong sign of acute sinusitis caused by a bacterial infection.
Chronic (long-term) sinusitis is usually caused by a bacterial or fungal infection. These infections may be difficult to treat. If chronic sinusitis is not cured after trying two or more different antibiotics, you may want to talk with your health professional about surgery or allergy testing. Chronic sinusitis can lead to permanent changes in the mucous membranes that line the sinuses and may make you more prone to sinus infections.
Symptoms of sinusitis in children include coughing, nasal discharge that lasts more than 7 to 10 days, and complaints of headache and facial pain.1 Many children age 2 or older with chronic sinusitis may also have allergies and frequent ear infections. Some immunizations, particularly pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), may help prevent ear and sinus infections.
Other conditions that have symptoms similar to sinusitis may include allergies, toothaches, and colds or other upper respiratory infections. However, if you've had a cold that returns or gets worse after 7 days (called double sickening), you probably have a sinus infection rather than a cold or other upper respiratory infection.
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| Author: | Amy Fackler, MA Debby Golonka, MPH Carrie Henley | Last Updated: May 14, 2007 |
| Medical Review: | Renée M. Crichlow, MD - Family Medicine Martin Gabica, MD - Family Medicine Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine Tom Bailey, MD - Family Medicine Charles M. Myer, III, MD - Otolaryngology | |
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